Kan- Cocos nucifera (Coconut, Kelapa).

Didik Gunawan dari Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical dB & Ref-P
Kandungan Kimia dan Khasiat dari: Cocos nucifera L (Arecaceae) – Coconut, Kelapa.

Kimiawi dan Khasiat

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1,3-DIPHENYLUREA? Seed:
No activity reported.
ACETOSYRINGONE Leaf:
No activity reported.
ACETOVANILLONE Leaf:
No activity reported.
ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL Oil 18 ppm;
Antialzheimeran; Antianginal; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer; Anticataract; Anticonvulsant Synergen; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antiinfarctal; Antiinfertility; Antiischemic; Antimaculitic; Antimutagenic; Antineuropathic; Antioxidant 5 x quercetin IC34=10 uM; Antiparkinsonian; Antiradicular 5 x quercetin; Antiretinotic; Antirheumatic; Antistroke; Antitumor; Antitumor (Bladder); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitumor (Stomach); Antitumor-Promoter; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Immunomodulator
ALUMINUM Seed 7.2 ppm;
Antisilicotic; Antivaginitic; Candidicide; Encephalopathic; Pesticide
ANTIMONY Seed 0.1 ppm;
No activity reported.
ARSENIC Seed 0.02 ppm;
Anorexic; Pesticide
ASCORBIC-ACID Seed 20 – 88 ppm
Acidulant FEMA 6,000; Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor; Analgesic 5-10 g/day; Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; AntiAGE 2,000 mg/day; Antiaggregant; Antiaging 400 mg/day; Antiallergic; Antialzheimeran 2,000-6,000 mg/day; Antiarthritic 0.2-1 g/day; Antiasthmatic 1,000 mg/day; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticataract 1 g 3x/day 350 mg/day 400 mg/day; Anticervicaldysplasic 1,000-2,000 mg/day; AntiCFS 500-1,000 mg; Anticlimacteric500-5,000 mg/day; Anticold 1-2 g/man/day; AntiCrohn’s 50-100 mg/day/orl/man; AntiCTS 1,000 mg 3x/day; Antidecubitic 500 mg/man/2x/day; Antidementia; Antidepressant 2,000 mg/day; Antidiabetic; Antidote (Aluminum); Antidote (Cadmium); Antidote (Lead); Antidote (Paraquat); Antieczemic 3.5-5 g/day; Antiedemic 1 g/man/day; Antiencephalitic; Antiendometriotic 2,000 mg/day; Antifatigue 500-1,000 mg; Antifibrotic 1,000-2,000 mg; Antigallstone 1,000-3,000 mg/day; Antigastritic; Antigingivitic; Antiglaucomic 2 g/day; Antihangover 1,000 mg; Antihemorrhagic 1 g/man/day; Antihepatitic 2-6 g/man/day; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic 1-5 g/day; Antihistaminic 2 g/day orl man; Antihypertensive; Antiinfertility 1 g/day; Antiinflammatory; Antilepric 1.5 g/man/day; Antilithic 1,000-3,000 mg/day; AntiLyme 500-2,000 mg; Antimaculitic; Antimeasles; Antimenopausal 500-5,000 mg/day; Antimigraine; Antimutagenic; Antineuramidase; Antinitrosic 1 g/man/day; Antiobesity 1 g 3x/day; Antiorchitic; Antiosteoarthritic 1 g 2x/day; Antiosteoporotic 500 mg/day; Antioxidant 100 ppm; Antiparkinsonian 1 g 2-3x/day; Antiparotitic; Antiperiodontitic 1 g 2x/day; Antipneumonic; Antipodriac; Antipoliomyelitic; Antipyretic; Antiradicular; AntiRaynaud’s 500 mg 1-2x/day; Antiretinotic; Antirheumatic; Antirhinitic 1,000 mg 3x/day; Antiscorbutic 10 mg/man/day; Antiseptic 4-8 g/day MIC=3.3-217 mg/ml; Antishingles; Antispasmodic 500-5,000 mg/day; Antistress 500-1,000 mg; Antisyndrome-X 1-4 g/day; Antitumor (Gastric); Antitumor (Lung); Antiulcer; Antiviral 1-5 g/day; Apoptotic 1-10 mM; Asthma-preventive 1,000 mg/day/orl; Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blocker; Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1.5 g/day/man; Calcium-Antagonist; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Cold-preventive 1-2 g/day; Collagenic; Detoxicant; Diuretic 700 mg/man/orl; Fistula-Preventive; Hypocholesterolemic 300-1,000 mg/day; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive 1,000 mg/man/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Interferonogenic; Lithogenic; Mucolytic 1 g/woman/day; Pesticide; Uricosuric 4 g/man/day; Urinary-Acidulant; Vasodilator; Vulnerary
ASH Seed 9,000 – 22,000 ppm
No activity reported.
BARIUM Seed 0.1 ppm;
No activity reported.
BORON Seed 3 – 5.2 ppm
Androgenic 3 mg/man/day; Antiosteoarthritic; Antiosteoporotic; Estrogenic
BROMINE Seed 4 ppm;
No activity reported.
CADMIUM Seed 0.03 ppm;
Hypertensive; Lithogenic; Nephrotoxic
CALCIUM Seed 71 – 476 ppm
Antiallergic 500 mg/day; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic 500-1,500 mg; Antiarthritic 1,000 mg/day; Antiatherosclerotic 500 mg/day; Anticlimacteric1,000-1,500 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidote (Aluminum); Antidote (Lead); Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antiinsomniac; Antimenopausal; Antiobesity; Antiosteoporotic 500-2,000 mg/day; Antiperiodontitic 750 mg/day; AntiPMS 1 g/day; Antirheumatic 1,000 mg/day; Antistress 500-1,500 mg/day; Antitic; Anxiolytic; Calcium-Channel-Blocker; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 500 mg/day; Hypotensive 1 g/day; Laxative 1,000-1,200 mg; Tranquilizer 500-1,500 mg/day; Vasodilator
CALCIUM-OXIDE Leaf 2,700 ppm;
No activity reported.
CAPRIC-ACID Seed 2,628 – 69,743 ppm
Fungicide; Irritant; Pesticide
CAPROIC-ACID Seed 117 – 3,595 ppm
Irritant
CAPRYLIC-ACID Seed 3,154 – 68,305 ppm
Antiseptic; Candidicide 300 mg/man/12 x/day; Fungicide; Irritant; Pesticide
CARBOHYDRATES Seed 94,000 – 331,000 ppm
No activity reported.
CELLULOSE Hull Husk 266,000 ppm;
Hemostat
CESIUM Seed 0.1 ppm;
No activity reported.
CHLORINE Seed 1,007 ppm;
Antibacterial; Antiherpetic; Antiseptic; Antiviral; Candidicide; Fungicide; Pesticide
CHROMIUM Seed 0.2 ppm;
Amphiglycemic?; Antiacne; AntiAGE 200-1,000 ug; Antiaging; Antiatherosclerotic 20 ug/day; AntiCFS 200 ug; Anticorneotic; Antidiabetic 200-1,000 ug; Antidote (Lead); Antifatigue 200 ug; Antiglycosuric 200-1,000 ug; Antiobesity; Antisyndrome-X 200-800 ug; Antitriglyceride 20 ug/day200-1,000 ug; Cardioprotective; Energizer; Hypocholesterolemic 20 ug/day 200-1,000 ug; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic; Memorigenic
CITRIC-ACID Seed:
Allergenic; Alpha-Amylase-Inhibitor; Antiaphthic 20,000 ppm; Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Anticalculic; Anticoagulant; Antileishmanic; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant Synergist; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Antitubercular; Antitumor; Disinfectant; FLavor FEMA 370-4,400; Hemostat; Irritant; Laxative?; Litholytic; Mycobactericide; Odontolytic; Refrigerant
COBALT Seed 0.2 ppm;
Cardiomyopathogenic; Erythrocytogenic
COPPER Seed 3.2 – 33 ppm
Antianemic; Antiarthritic; Antidiabetic 2-4 mg/day; Antifatigue; Antiinflammatory; Antinociceptive; Antiosteoporotic; Cardioprotective; Contraceptive; Hypocholesterolemic; Immunomodulator; Schizophrenigenic
D-GALACTOSE Seed:
No activity reported.
D-GALACTURONIC-ACID Seed:
No activity reported.
EUROPIUM Seed 0.1 ppm;
No activity reported.
FAT Seed 58,400 – 719,000 ppm
No activity reported.
FERULIC-ACID Leaf:
Allelopathic; Analgesic; Antiaggregant; Antiallergic; Antiarrhythmic; Antibacterial; Anticancer (Colon); Anticancer (Forestomach); Anticancer (Liver); Anticancer (Skin); Anticarcinogenic; Antidysmenorrheic; Antiestrogenic; Antihepatotoxic; Antiherpetic; Antiinflammatory; Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml; Antimitotic; Antimutagenic; Antineoplastic (Stomach); Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant 1/2 BHA 1/3 quercetin 3,000 uM EC50=9-15 ug/mlIC51=200 ppm; Antiradicular EC50=9-15 ug/ml IC50=116-124 uM; Antiserotonin; Antispasmodic; Antithrombic; Antitumor; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Forestomach); Antitumor (Liver); Antitumor (Skin); Antitumor-Promoter IC46=10 uM; Antiviral; Arteriodilator; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide; Cardiac; Cholagogue; Choleretic; Fungicide; Hepatoprotective; Hepatotropic; Herbicide; Hydrocholerectic; Hypolipidemic; Immunostimulant; Insectifuge; Metal-Chelator; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Phagocytotic; Preservative; Prostaglandigenic; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 0.58-3.2 mM; Sunscreen; Uterosedative 30-100 mg/kg ivn rat
FIBER Seed 30,000 – 115,000 ppm
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antidiabetic; Antihypertensive; Antiobesity; Antitumor; Antiulcer; Beta-Blocker; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypotensive 10 g/man/day/orl; Hypouricemic; Laxative; Vasodilator
FLUORINE Seed 2.7 ppm;
No activity reported.
FRUCTOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap 2,100 ppm;
Antialcoholic; Antidiabetic; Antihangover; Antiketotic; Antinauseant; Laxative; Neoplastic; Sweetener 2 x glucose
GABA Seed:
Analeptic; Anticephalagic; Anticerebrotic; Antichoreic 1-32 g/man/day; Anticonvulsant 4,120 mg/kg ipr mus; Antihypertensive 1,000-4,000 mg/man/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilethargic; Antistress; Antitinnitic; Anxiolytic; Cardiovascular 208 ivn dog; CNS-Inhibitor 0.1 mg/kg ivn cat 100 mg/kg ivn dog 2,500 mg/kg scu mus; Diuretic 1,500-4,000 mg/man/day; Hypotensive 1,000-4,000 mg/day; Neuroinhibitor; Neurotoxic (to birds); Neurotransmitter; Sedative; Tranquilizer
GALACTOMANNAN Seed 16,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL Oil:
Antiatherosclerotic; Anticancer; AntiCRP; Antiinflammatory; Antioxidant 10-15 ug/g IC43=10 uM; Antiprostaglandin; Antitumor; Cardioprotective; Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor; Hypocholesterolemic; Natriuretic; NO-Inhibitor; PKC-Inhibitor
GLUCOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap 2,400 ppm;
Acetylcholinergic; Antiedemic; Antihepatotoxic; Antiketotic; Antivaricose; Hyperglycemic; Memory-Enhancer
GOLD Plant:
Antiarthritic; Antiulcer; Nephrotoxic
INOSITOL Resin, Exudate, Sap 690 ppm;
Antialopecic; Anticirrhotic; Antidiabetic?; Antineuropathic? 2 g/day; Cholesterolytic 2,000 mg/man/day; Lipotropic; Sweetener; Ubiquiot
IODINE Seed 0.3 ppm;
Acnegenic; Antibacterial; Antigoiter; Antiseptic; Antithyrotoxic; Antiviral; Dermatitigenic; Fungicide; Goitrogenic; Hyperthyroid >1 mm/day/diet; Protisticide; Thyrotropic
IRON Seed 23 – 33 ppm
Antiakathisic; Antianemic; Anticanker; Anticheilitic; Antimenorrhagic 100 mg/day/wmn/orl; Prooxidant
KILOCALORIES Seed 2,960 – 7,050 /kg
No activity reported.
L-RHAMNOSE Seed:
No activity reported.
LANTHANUM Seed 0.03 ppm;
No activity reported.
LAURIC-ACID Seed 25,754 – 368,847 ppm
Antibacterial; Antioxidant IC71=60; Antiviral; Candidicide; COX-1-Inhibitor IC40=100; COX-2-Inhibitor IC20=100; Hypercholesterolemic
LEAD Seed 0.7 ppm;
No activity reported.
LIGNIN Hull Husk 294,000 ppm;
Antibacterial; Anticancer; Anticoronary; Antidiarrheic; AntiHIV; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant; Antitumor; Antiviral; Chelator; Hypocholesterolemic; Laxative; Pesticide
LINOLEIC-ACID Seed 584 – 18,694 ppm
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antiacne; Antialopecic; Antianaphylactic; Antiandrogenic; Antiarteriosclerotic; Antiarthritic; Anticoronary; Antieczemic; Antifibrinolytic; Antigranular; Antihistaminic; Antiinflammatory IC50=31 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Antimenorrhagic; AntiMS; Antiprostatitic; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Comedolytic; Hepatoprotective; Hypocholesterolemic; Immunomodulator; Insectifuge; Metastatic; Nematicide; Propecic
LUTETIUM Seed 0.01 ppm;
No activity reported.
MAGNESIUM Seed 770 ppm;
Antiaggregant 400 mg/day; Antialcoholic; Antianginal; Antianorectic; Antianxiety; Antiarrhythmic; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticephalagic; AntiCFS; Anticlimacteric 500-750 mg/day; Anticonvulsant; Anticoronary 400 mg/day; Antidepressant; Antidiabetic 400-800 mg/man/day; Antidysmenorrheic 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiendometriotic 500 mg/day; Antienterotic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antifatigue; Antifibromyalgic 200-300 mg 3x/day; Antigastrotic; Antiglaucomic; Antihyperkinetic; Antihypertensive; Antihypoglycemic; Antiinflammatory 100 mg 4 x/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilithic; AntiLyme 400-1,000 mg; Antimastalgic; Antimenopausal 500-750 mg/day; Antimigraine 200 mg/day/man; Antimitral-valve-prolapse; AntiMS; Antinephrolytic; Antineurotic; Antiosteoporotic 500-1,000 mg/day/wmn/orl; Antiplaque 500-1,000 mg/day; AntiPMS 400-800 mg/day/wmn orl 400-800 mg/day/wmn/orl; AntiRaynaud’s 280-350 mg/day; Antiretinopathic 400 mg/day; Antispasmodic; Antispasmophilic 500 mg/day; Antistress 500-750 mg/day; Antistroke 400 mg/day; Antisyndrome-X 400 mg/man/day; Anxiolytic 500-750 mg/day; Calcium-Antagonist; Cardioprotective; CNS-Depressant; Diuretic; Hypocholesterolemic 400 mg/day; Hypotensive 260-500 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Insulinogenic 400 mg/day; Laxative 300-500 mg/day; Litholytic; Myorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Neurotransmitter; Tranquilizer 500-750 mg/day; Uterorelaxant 100 mg 4 x/day; Vasodilator
MAGNESIUM-OXIDE Leaf 5,700 ppm;
No activity reported.
MALIC-ACID Seed:
Antiatherosclerotic; Antibacterial; Antifibromyalgic 300 mg 3x/day; Antioxidant Synergist; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Antitubercular; Antitumor; Bacteristat; Bruchiphobe; Hemopoietic; Laxative?; Mycobactericide; Pesticide; Sialogogue
MANGANESE Seed 9 – 21 ppm
Antialcoholic; Antianemic; Antiarthritic; Antidiabetic 10-30 mg/man/day 3-5 mg/day; Antidiscotic; Antidyskinetic; Antiepileptic 450 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiototic; Antioxidant; AntiPMS; Antisyndrome-X 10-30 mg/man/day; Hypoglycemic
MANNAN Seed:
No activity reported.
MERCURY Seed 0.1 ppm;
Nephrotoxic
MESO-INOSITOL Endosperm 100 ppm;
No activity reported.
METHOXYL Hull Husk 56,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
MOLYBDENUM Seed 0.03 ppm;
Anticancer (Esophagus)?; Antitumor (Esophagus)?
MYRISTIC-ACID Seed 7,650 – 133,015 ppm
Antioxidant IC71=60; Cancer-Preventive; Cosmetic; Hypercholesterolemic; Lubricant; Nematicide
NIACIN Seed 5 – 10 ppm
Allergenic; Antiacrodynic; Antiallergic 50 mg/2x/day; Antialzheimeran; Antiamblyopic; Antianginal; Anticataract; Antichilblain; Anticonvulsant 3 g/day; Antidementia; Antidermatitic; Antidiabetic; Antidysphagic; Antiepileptic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antihistaminic 50 mg 2x/day; Antihyperactivity 1.5-6 g/day; Antiinsomnic 1 g/day; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; AntiMeniere’s; Antineuralgic; Antiparkinsonian 100 mg/day; Antipellagric; AntiRaynaud’s 1,500-4,000 mg/day; Antiscotomic; Antispasmodic 100 mg 2x/day; Antivertigo; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective; Circulotonic; Fibrinolytic; Hepatoprotective; Hepatotoxic; Hypocholesterolemic 50-100 mg 3x/day; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic; Sedative; Serotoninergic; Vasodilator
NICKEL Seed 2.1 ppm;
Antiadrenalinic; Anticirrhotic?; Insulin-Sparing
NITROGEN Hull Husk 1,100 ppm;
No activity reported.
OLEIC-ACID Seed 2,920 – 58,958 ppm
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Allergenic; Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Anemiagenic; Antialopecic; Antiandrogenic; Antiinflammatory IC50=21 uM; Antileukotriene-D4; Cancer-Preventive; Choleretic 5 ml/man; Dermatitigenic; FLavor FEMA 1-30; Hypocholesterolemic; Insectifuge; Irritant; Percutaneostimulant; Perfumery; Propecic
P-COUMARIC-ACID Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 4 ug/ml (weak activity); Allelopathic; Antibacterial; Anticlastogen; Antifertility; Antihepatotoxic; Antileukemic IC50=25-56 ug/ml; Antinitrosaminic; Antioxidant 1/3 BHA IC24=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC50=>100 uM; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Antitumor; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Choleretic; Cytotoxic; Diaphoretic?; Fungicide; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor IC11=5 mM; Pesticide; Prostaglandigenic; Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor; Tyrosinase-Inhibitor ID50=3,650 uM
P-HYDROXY-BENZOIC-ACID Leaf:
Antibacterial; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant; Antiradicular; Antisickling 10.5 ug/ml; Cancer-Preventive; Fungistat EC50=607 ug/ml; Immunosuppressant; Pesticide; Phytoalexin; Prostaglandigenic; Secretogogue; Ubiquiot
PALMITIC-ACID Seed 4,380 – 75,495 ppm
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Antialopecic; Antiandrogenic; Antifibrinolytic; Antioxidant IC40=60; FLavor FEMA 1; Hemolytic; Hypercholesterolemic; Lubricant; Nematicide; Pesticide; Propecic; Soap
PECTIN Seed:
Antiatheromic 15 g/man/day; Antibacterial; Antidiabetic 10 g/man/day/orl; Antidiarrheic; Antienteritic; Antigallstone; Antigastritic; Antilithic; Antimetastatic; Antimutagenic; Antiobesity; Antitumor (Colon); Antitumor (Prostate); Antitussive; Antiulcer; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Demulcent; Fungicide; Hemostat; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypoglycemic; Peristaltic; Pesticide
PENTOSANS Hull Husk 277,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
PHOSPHORUS Seed 830 – 2,400 ppm
Antiosteoporotic; Anxiolytic; Immunostimulant; Osteogenic
PHOSPHORUS-OXIDE-(P2O5) Leaf 1,700 ppm;
No activity reported.
PHYTOSTEROLS Seed:
Antiprostatotic; Hypocholesterolemic
POTASSIUM Seed 2,560 – 11,491 ppm
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker; Antiarrhythmic; Antidepressant; Antifatigue; Antihypertensive; Antispasmodic; Antistroke; Anxiolytic; Beta-Blocker; Cardioprotective 3,000-5,000 mg; Cardiotoxic 18,000 mg/man/day; Diuretic; Hypotensive; Vasodilator
POTASSIUM-OXIDE-(K20) Leaf 52,300 ppm;
No activity reported.
PROTEIN Seed 32,000 – 77,000 ppm
No activity reported.
QUINIC-ACID Seed:
Choleretic
RAFFINOSE Resin, Exudate, Sap 900 ppm;
Flatugenic
RIBOFLAVIN Seed 0.2 – 0.7 ppm
Antiarabiflavinotic 2-10 mg/day orl; Anticarpal-Tunnel 50 mg/day; Anticataract 15 mg/day; Anticephalagic; Anticervicaldysplasic 1.6-10 mg/day; Anticheilitic; Antidecubitic; Antiglossitic; Antikeratitic; AntiLyme 50 mg/day; Antimigraine; Antioxidant; Antipellagric; Antiphotophobic; Cancer-Preventive
RUBIDIUM Seed 16 ppm;
No activity reported.
SAMARIUM Seed 0.04 ppm;
No activity reported.
SCANDIUM Seed 0.002 ppm;
No activity reported.
SCYLLITOL Endosperm 500 ppm; Leaf 3,200 ppm;
No activity reported.
SELENIUM Seed 0.02 ppm;
Analgesic 200 ug/day; Anorexic; Antiacne; Antiaggregant; Antiangiogenic 2 uM 230 ug/kg orl rat; Antiarthritic; Antiasthmatic; Antiatherosclerotic; Anticataract 400 ug/day; Anticirrhotic; Anticlimacteric 200 ug/day; Anticoronary; Antidandruff; Antidepressant; Antidote (Mercury); Antifibrotic 400 ug; Antigout 200 ug; AntiHIV; Antikeshan; Antileukemic 1.6 mg/kg ipr mus; Antileukotriene; Antimaculitic; Antimelanomic 480 ug/kg; Antimenopausal 200 ug/day; Antimetastatic 480 ug/kg; Antimyalgic 200 ug/day; AntiNF-kB; Antiosteoarthritic; Antioxidant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antiparkinsonian 200-400 ug/day; Antiproliferant 2 uM; Antiradicular 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; Antirheumatic; Antisyndrome-X; Antitumor; Antitumor (brain) 38-150 ug/kg; Antitumor (Breast) 0.8 mg/kg scu mus 150 ug/kg diet rat 230 ug/kg orl rat 333.6 ug/day; Antitumor (Lung) 240 ug/kg diet; Antitumor (Prostate); Antiulcerogenic; Anxiolytic; AP-1-Inhibitor 2-50 uM; Apoptotic; Cancer-Preventive; Cardioprotective200 ug/day; Depressant; Fungicide; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant 100-200 (-400) ug/man/day; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor; Prostaglandin-Sparer; Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor IC50=2-50 uM; VEGF-Inhibitor
SHIKIMIC-ACID Seed:
Analgesic; Anticancer; Anticonvulsant; Antioxidant 7 x quercetin; Antiradicular; Antispasmodic; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Bruchifuge; Cancer-Preventive; Carcinogenic; Ileorelaxant; Mutagenic; Pesticide
SILICON Seed 370 ppm;
Antiarteriosclerotic; Antionychyotic; Antiosteoporotic; Cardioprotective
SODIUM Seed 145 – 626 ppm
Hypertensive
SORBITOL Endosperm 15,000 ppm;
Antidiabetic (Insulin-Sparing) 30 g/man/day; Antiketotic; Cataractagenic; Cathartic; Diuretic; FLavor FEMA 1,000-280,000; Humectant; Laxative20-50 g/day 5-15 g/man/day; Purgative 30-50 g/man/day; Sweetener 0.6 x sucrose
SQUALENE Seed:
Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Antitumor; Cancer-Preventive; Chemopreventive; Immunostimulant; Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor; Perfumery; Pesticide; Sunscreen
STEARIC-ACID Seed 584 – 23,008 ppm
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor; Cosmetic; FLavor FEMA 2-4,000; Hypocholesterolemic; Lubricant; Perfumery; Propecic; Suppository
STRONTIUM Seed 2.8 ppm;
No activity reported.
SUCCINIC-ACID Seed:
Additive FEMA 200-2,000; Antifeedant; Bruchiphobe; Cancer-Preventive; Dye; Perfumery; Pesticide
SUCROSE Resin, Exudate, Sap 134,000 ppm;
Aggregant; Antihiccup 1 tsp; Antiophthalmic; Antioxidant; Atherogenic; Collyrium; Demulcent; Flatugenic; Hypercholesterolemic; Preservative; Sweetener 1 x sucrose; Triglycerigenic; Uricogenic; Vulnerary
SULFUR Seed 440 – 1,370 ppm
Acarifuge; Antiacne; Antiarthritic; Antidandruff; Antigrey; Antiosteoarthritic; Antiseborrheic; Antiseptic; Comedogenic; Keratolytic; Laxative; Parasiticide; Pesticide; Scabicide
SYRINGALDEHYDE Leaf:
Antiedemic; Antiinflammatory ED=20 ug/ear; Antioxidant; Cancer-Preventive
SYRINGIC-ACID Leaf:
Allelopathic; Antioxidant 1/3 BHA IC39=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC10-70=100-200 ug/ml; Antiradicular EC50=5.5-8 ug/ml; Ubiquiot
TANTALUM Plant:
No activity reported.
THIAMIN Seed 0.3 – 1 ppm
Analgesic 1-4 g/day; Antialcoholic 50-100 mg/day; Antialzheimeran 100-3,000 mg/day; Antianorectic; Antibackache 1-4 g/day; Antiberiberi; Anticanker; Anticardiospasmic; Anticataract; Anticolitic; Antidecubitic; Antideliriant; Antidementia; Antidyspeptic; Antiencephalopathic; Antifatigue; Antigastritic; Antihangover 50 mg; Antiheartburn; Antiherpetic; AntiLyme; Antimigraine; Antimyocarditic; Antineuralgic 1-4 g/day; Antineurasthenic; Antineuritic; Antineuropathic 50 mg; Antipoliomyelitic; Insectifuge 75-150 mg/man/day; Neuroprotective; Pesticide
THORIUM Plant:
No activity reported.
TIN Seed 1.5 ppm;
Antiacne; Antibacterial; Pesticide; Taenicide
TITANIUM Seed 5.6 ppm;
No activity reported.
TRIDECANOIC-ACID Seed:
Antioxidant IC85=60; Perfumery
TUNGSTEN Seed 0.3 ppm;
No activity reported.
UNDECANOIC-ACID Seed:
No activity reported.
URONIC-ANHYDRIDES Hull Husk 35,000 ppm;
No activity reported.
VANADIUM Seed 0.004 ppm;
Antiatherosclerotic; Antidiabetic ?25-100 ug/man/day?; Antiinfertility; Antiinsulinogenic; Antimanic; Antisyndrome-X; ATPase-Inhibitor; Cancer-Preventive?; Cardioprotective?; Hypocholesterolemic; Hypoglycemic; Hypotensive; Hypotriglyceridemic; Nephrotoxic; Pancreatoxic; Toxic
VANILLIC-ACID Leaf:
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 uM/l; Allelopathic; Anthelmintic; Antibacterial 1.5-15 mg/ml; Anticancer; Antifatigue; Antiinflammatory; AntileukemicIC50=25-56 ug/ml; Antioxidant 1/3 BHA IC21=30 ppm; Antiperoxidant IC15-65=100-200 ug/ml; Antiradicular 7 x quercetin; Antiseptic; Antisickling; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Ascaricide; Cancer-Preventive; Choleretic; Fungicide; Immunosuppressant; Laxative; Pesticide; Ubiquiot
VANILLIN Leaf:
Allelochemic IC50=4.26 mM; Allergenic; Antianemic; Anticancer; Antidrepanocytic; Antiescherichic 10-100 mmol/l; Antilactobacillic; Antilisteria; Antimutagenic; Antioxidant =ascorbic acid; Antipolio; Antiradicular 7 x quercetin; Antisickling; Antitumor; Antitumor-Promoter; Antiviral; Antiyeast8-30 mM; Bacteristat 10-40 mmol/l; Cancer-Preventive; Candidicide 8-20 mM; Choleretic; FLavor FEMA 50-20,000; Fungicide; Immunosuppressant; Insectifuge?; Irritant; Perfumery; Pesticide
VIT-E Seed 2 ppm;
No activity reported.
WATER Hull Husk 80,000 ppm; Leaf 84,500 ppm; Seed 363,000 – 546,000 ppm
No activity reported.
YTTERBIUM Seed 0.1 ppm;
No activity reported.
ZINC Seed 13 – 17 ppm
ACE-Inhibitor; Analgesic; Antiacne 135 mg/day; Antiacrodermatitic 8-34 mg/day/orl/chd; Antialcoholic; Antialopecic; Antialzheimeran 50 mg/day; Antiangiogenic; Antianorexic; Antiarthritic 50 mg/3x/day/orl/man; AntiBPH 25-60 mg/day; Anticanker 100 mg/day; Anticataract 30 mg/day; Anticoeliac; Anticold 50 mg; Anticolitic; Anticoronary 30 mg/day; AntiCrohn’s; Antidandruff; Antidementia; Antidiabetic; Antidote (Cadmium); Antidysgeuzic; Antieczemic 150 mg/day; Antiencephalopathic; Antiepileptic 100 mg/day; Antifibrotic 30 mg; Antifuruncular 45 mg/3x/day/man; Antihangover 15 mg; Antiherpetic? 25-60 mg/day; AntiHIV; Antiimpotence; Antiinfective 50 mg/day; Antiinfertility 60 mg/day; Antiinsomniac; Antilepric; Antileukonychic; Antilymphomic; Antimaculitic; Antimetastatic; Antineuropathic; Antinyctalopic; Antiobesity 30 mg/day; Antiosteoporotic; Antiperiodontitic; Antiplaque; Antiprolactin; Antiprostatitic 50 mg/man/day/orl; Antirheumatic; Antiseptic 50 mg/day; Antispare-Tire 30 mg/day; Antistomatitic 50 mg/man/3x/day; Antisyndrome-X 30 mg/day; Antitinnitic 60-120 mg/day; Antitriglyceride 30 mg/day; Antiulcer 50 mg/3x/day/man88 mg/rat/day/15 days; Antiviral?; Astringent; Collagenic; Copper-Antagonist; Deodorant; Detoxicant (Alcohol); Ergogenic; Hypotensive 30 mg/day; Immunomodulator; Immunostimulant; Immunosuppressant 300 mg/day/6 wks/orl/man; Insulinogenic 30 mg/day; Leptingenic 30-60 mg/man/day; Mucogenic; NF-kB-Inhibitor; Pesticide; Spermigenic 60 mg/day; Testosteronigenic; Trichomonicide; Vulnerary

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ppm = parts per million
tr = trace